Book of Abstracts and Extended Summaries
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چکیده
The present study examines bias factors which might grant a relative advantage to native Israelis over groups of immigrants in a mathematics achievement test administered to fifth grade students. The bias factor analysis process, aided by quantitative and qualitative data gathering methods, comprised three phases: (1) Using a psychometric procedure called DIF (Differential Item Functioning) to identify differential functioning in test items. DIF was examined in two differentiated groups of immigrants from the FSU and Ethiopia, which were compared to a group of native Israelis with the same ability level in the construct which the test aimed at measuring. (2) Identifying the sources of difficulty leading to DIF, while distinguishing between difficulties that are relevant to the construct measured in the test ("impact factors"), as opposed to those which are not ("bias factors"). (3) Determining whether the item incorporates bias factors. Phase 1 was based on the analysis of the results of a mathematics achievement test administered to a national, representative sample of native Israeli students and immigrant students from the FSU and from Ethiopia. Phases 2 & 3 were made through the judgment of subject-matter experts of those items found to be having DIF, as well as through interviews with immigrant students and "culture experts", who contributed a cultural perspective to the answers of the interviewees.
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